dmenu/dmenu.c

/* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details. */
#include <ctype.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <X11/Xlib.h>
#include <X11/Xatom.h>
#include <X11/Xutil.h>
#ifdef XINERAMA
#include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
#endif
#include <X11/Xft/Xft.h>

#include "drw.h"
#include "util.h"

/* macros */
#define INTERSECT(x,y,w,h,r)  (MAX(0, MIN((x)+(w),(r).x_org+(r).width)  - MAX((x),(r).x_org)) \
                             * MAX(0, MIN((y)+(h),(r).y_org+(r).height) - MAX((y),(r).y_org)))
#define LENGTH(X)             (sizeof X / sizeof X[0])
#define TEXTNW(X,N)           (drw_font_getexts_width(drw->fonts[0], (X), (N)))
#define TEXTW(X)              (drw_text(drw, 0, 0, 0, 0, (X), 0) + drw->fonts[0]->h)

/* enums */
enum { SchemeNorm, SchemeSel, SchemeOut, SchemeLast }; /* color schemes */

typedef struct Item Item;
struct Item {
	char *text;
	Item *left, *right;
	bool out;
};

static void appenditem(Item *, Item **, Item **);
static void calcoffsets(void);
static char *cistrstr(const char *, const char *);
static void cleanup(void);
static void drawmenu(void);
static void grabkeyboard(void);
static void insert(const char *, ssize_t);
static void keypress(XKeyEvent *);
static void match(void);
static size_t nextrune(int);
static void paste(void);
static void readstdin(void);
static void run(void);
static void setup(void);
static void usage(void);

static char text[BUFSIZ] = "";
static int bh, mw, mh;
static int sw, sh; /* X display screen geometry width, height */
static int inputw, promptw;
static size_t cursor;
static Item *items = NULL;
static Item *matches, *matchend;
static Item *prev, *curr, *next, *sel;
static int mon = -1, screen;

static Atom clip, utf8;
static Display *dpy;
static Window root, win;
static XIC xic;

static ClrScheme scheme[SchemeLast];
static Drw *drw;

#include "config.h"

static int (*fstrncmp)(const char *, const char *, size_t) = strncmp;
static char *(*fstrstr)(const char *, const char *) = strstr;

static void
appenditem(Item *item, Item **list, Item **last)
{
	if (*last)
		(*last)->right = item;
	else
		*list = item;

	item->left = *last;
	item->right = NULL;
	*last = item;
}

static void
calcoffsets(void)
{
	int i, n;

	if (lines > 0)
		n = lines * bh;
	else
		n = mw - (promptw + inputw + TEXTW("<") + TEXTW(">"));
	/* calculate which items will begin the next page and previous page */
	for (i = 0, next = curr; next; next = next->right)
		if ((i += (lines > 0) ? bh : MIN(TEXTW(next->text), n)) > n)
			break;
	for (i = 0, prev = curr; prev && prev->left; prev = prev->left)
		if ((i += (lines > 0) ? bh : MIN(TEXTW(prev->left->text), n)) > n)
			break;
}

static void
cleanup(void)
{
	XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
	drw_clr_free(scheme[SchemeNorm].bg);
	drw_clr_free(scheme[SchemeNorm].fg);
	drw_clr_free(scheme[SchemeSel].fg);
	drw_clr_free(scheme[SchemeSel].bg);
	drw_clr_free(scheme[SchemeOut].fg);
	drw_clr_free(scheme[SchemeOut].bg);
	drw_free(drw);
	XSync(dpy, False);
	XCloseDisplay(dpy);
}

static char *
cistrstr(const char *s, const char *sub)
{
	size_t len;

	for (len = strlen(sub); *s; s++)
		if (!strncasecmp(s, sub, len))
			return (char *)s;
	return NULL;
}

static void
drawmenu(void)
{
	int curpos;
	Item *item;
	int x = 0, y = 0, h = bh, w;

	drw_setscheme(drw, &scheme[SchemeNorm]);
	drw_rect(drw, 0, 0, mw, mh, 1, 1, 1);

	if (prompt && *prompt) {
		drw_setscheme(drw, &scheme[SchemeSel]);
		drw_text(drw, x, 0, promptw, bh, prompt, 0);
		x += promptw;
	}
	/* draw input field */
	w = (lines > 0 || !matches) ? mw - x : inputw;
	drw_setscheme(drw, &scheme[SchemeNorm]);
	drw_text(drw, x, 0, w, bh, text, 0);

	if ((curpos = TEXTNW(text, cursor) + bh / 2 - 2) < w) {
		drw_setscheme(drw, &scheme[SchemeNorm]);
		drw_rect(drw, x + curpos + 2, 2, 1, bh - 4, 1, 1, 0);
	}

	if (lines > 0) {
		/* draw vertical list */
		w = mw - x;
		for (item = curr; item != next; item = item->right) {
			y += h;
			if (item == sel)
				drw_setscheme(drw, &scheme[SchemeSel]);
			else if (item->out)
				drw_setscheme(drw, &scheme[SchemeOut]);
			else
				drw_setscheme(drw, &scheme[SchemeNorm]);

			drw_text(drw, x, y, w, bh, item->text, 0);
		}
	} else if (matches) {
		/* draw horizontal list */
		x += inputw;
		w = TEXTW("<");
		if (curr->left) {
			drw_setscheme(drw, &scheme[SchemeNorm]);
			drw_text(drw, x, 0, w, bh, "<", 0);
		}
		for (item = curr; item != next; item = item->right) {
			x += w;
			w = MIN(TEXTW(item->text), mw - x - TEXTW(">"));

			if (item == sel)
				drw_setscheme(drw, &scheme[SchemeSel]);
			else if (item->out)
				drw_setscheme(drw, &scheme[SchemeOut]);
			else
				drw_setscheme(drw, &scheme[SchemeNorm]);
			drw_text(drw, x, 0, w, bh, item->text, 0);
		}
		w = TEXTW(">");
		x = mw - w;
		if (next) {
			drw_setscheme(drw, &scheme[SchemeNorm]);
			drw_text(drw, x, 0, w, bh, ">", 0);
		}
	}
	drw_map(drw, win, 0, 0, mw, mh);
}

static void
grabkeyboard(void)
{
	struct timespec ts = { .tv_sec = 0, .tv_nsec = 1000000  };
	int i;

	/* try to grab keyboard, we may have to wait for another process to ungrab */
	for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
		if (XGrabKeyboard(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), True,
		                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync, CurrentTime) == GrabSuccess)
			return;
		nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
	}
	die("cannot grab keyboard\n");
}

static void
insert(const char *str, ssize_t n)
{
	if (strlen(text) + n > sizeof text - 1)
		return;
	/* move existing text out of the way, insert new text, and update cursor */
	memmove(&text[cursor + n], &text[cursor], sizeof text - cursor - MAX(n, 0));
	if (n > 0)
		memcpy(&text[cursor], str, n);
	cursor += n;
	match();
}

static void
keypress(XKeyEvent *ev)
{
	char buf[32];
	int len;
	KeySym ksym = NoSymbol;
	Status status;

	len = XmbLookupString(xic, ev, buf, sizeof buf, &ksym, &status);
	if (status == XBufferOverflow)
		return;
	if (ev->state & ControlMask)
		switch(ksym) {
		case XK_a: ksym = XK_Home;      break;
		case XK_b: ksym = XK_Left;      break;
		case XK_c: ksym = XK_Escape;    break;
		case XK_d: ksym = XK_Delete;    break;
		case XK_e: ksym = XK_End;       break;
		case XK_f: ksym = XK_Right;     break;
		case XK_g: ksym = XK_Escape;    break;
		case XK_h: ksym = XK_BackSpace; break;
		case XK_i: ksym = XK_Tab;       break;
		case XK_j: /* fallthrough */
		case XK_J: /* fallthrough */
		case XK_m: /* fallthrough */
		case XK_M: ksym = XK_Return; ev->state &= ~ControlMask; break;
		case XK_n: ksym = XK_Down;      break;
		case XK_p: ksym = XK_Up;        break;

		case XK_k: /* delete right */
			text[cursor] = '\0';
			match();
			break;
		case XK_u: /* delete left */
			insert(NULL, 0 - cursor);
			break;
		case XK_w: /* delete word */
			while (cursor > 0 && text[nextrune(-1)] == ' ')
				insert(NULL, nextrune(-1) - cursor);
			while (cursor > 0 && text[nextrune(-1)] != ' ')
				insert(NULL, nextrune(-1) - cursor);
			break;
		case XK_y: /* paste selection */
			XConvertSelection(dpy, (ev->state & ShiftMask) ? clip : XA_PRIMARY,
			                  utf8, utf8, win, CurrentTime);
			return;
		case XK_Return:
		case XK_KP_Enter:
			break;
		case XK_bracketleft:
			cleanup();
			exit(1);
		default:
			return;
		}
	else if (ev->state & Mod1Mask)
		switch(ksym) {
		case XK_g: ksym = XK_Home;  break;
		case XK_G: ksym = XK_End;   break;
		case XK_h: ksym = XK_Up;    break;
		case XK_j: ksym = XK_Next;  break;
		case XK_k: ksym = XK_Prior; break;
		case XK_l: ksym = XK_Down;  break;
		default:
			return;
		}
	switch(ksym) {
	default:
		if (!iscntrl(*buf))
			insert(buf, len);
		break;
	case XK_Delete:
		if (text[cursor] == '\0')
			return;
		cursor = nextrune(+1);
		/* fallthrough */
	case XK_BackSpace:
		if (cursor == 0)
			return;
		insert(NULL, nextrune(-1) - cursor);
		break;
	case XK_End:
		if (text[cursor] != '\0') {
			cursor = strlen(text);
			break;
		}
		if (next) {
			/* jump to end of list and position items in reverse */
			curr = matchend;
			calcoffsets();
			curr = prev;
			calcoffsets();
			while (next && (curr = curr->right))
				calcoffsets();
		}
		sel = matchend;
		break;
	case XK_Escape:
		cleanup();
		exit(1);
	case XK_Home:
		if (sel == matches) {
			cursor = 0;
			break;
		}
		sel = curr = matches;
		calcoffsets();
		break;
	case XK_Left:
		if (cursor > 0 && (!sel || !sel->left || lines > 0)) {
			cursor = nextrune(-1);
			break;
		}
		if (lines > 0)
			return;
		/* fallthrough */
	case XK_Up:
		if (sel && sel->left && (sel = sel->left)->right == curr) {
			curr = prev;
			calcoffsets();
		}
		break;
	case XK_Next:
		if (!next)
			return;
		sel = curr = next;
		calcoffsets();
		break;
	case XK_Prior:
		if (!prev)
			return;
		sel = curr = prev;
		calcoffsets();
		break;
	case XK_Return:
	case XK_KP_Enter:
		puts((sel && !(ev->state & ShiftMask)) ? sel->text : text);
		if (!(ev->state & ControlMask)) {
			cleanup();
			exit(0);
		}
		if (sel)
			sel->out = true;
		break;
	case XK_Right:
		if (text[cursor] != '\0') {
			cursor = nextrune(+1);
			break;
		}
		if (lines > 0)
			return;
		/* fallthrough */
	case XK_Down:
		if (sel && sel->right && (sel = sel->right) == next) {
			curr = next;
			calcoffsets();
		}
		break;
	case XK_Tab:
		if (!sel)
			return;
		strncpy(text, sel->text, sizeof text - 1);
		text[sizeof text - 1] = '\0';
		cursor = strlen(text);
		match();
		break;
	}
	drawmenu();
}

static void
match(void)
{
	static char **tokv = NULL;
	static int tokn = 0;

	char buf[sizeof text], *s;
	int i, tokc = 0;
	size_t len;
	Item *item, *lprefix, *lsubstr, *prefixend, *substrend;

	strcpy(buf, text);
	/* separate input text into tokens to be matched individually */
	for (s = strtok(buf, " "); s; tokv[tokc - 1] = s, s = strtok(NULL, " "))
		if (++tokc > tokn && !(tokv = realloc(tokv, ++tokn * sizeof *tokv)))
			die("cannot realloc %u bytes\n", tokn * sizeof *tokv);
	len = tokc ? strlen(tokv[0]) : 0;

	matches = lprefix = lsubstr = matchend = prefixend = substrend = NULL;
	for (item = items; item && item->text; item++) {
		for (i = 0; i < tokc; i++)
			if (!fstrstr(item->text, tokv[i]))
				break;
		if (i != tokc) /* not all tokens match */
			continue;
		/* exact matches go first, then prefixes, then substrings */
		if (!tokc || !fstrncmp(tokv[0], item->text, len + 1))
			appenditem(item, &matches, &matchend);
		else if (!fstrncmp(tokv[0], item->text, len))
			appenditem(item, &lprefix, &prefixend);
		else
			appenditem(item, &lsubstr, &substrend);
	}
	if (lprefix) {
		if (matches) {
			matchend->right = lprefix;
			lprefix->left = matchend;
		} else
			matches = lprefix;
		matchend = prefixend;
	}
	if (lsubstr) {
		if (matches) {
			matchend->right = lsubstr;
			lsubstr->left = matchend;
		} else
			matches = lsubstr;
		matchend = substrend;
	}
	curr = sel = matches;
	calcoffsets();
}

static size_t
nextrune(int inc)
{
	ssize_t n;

	/* return location of next utf8 rune in the given direction (+1 or -1) */
	for (n = cursor + inc; n + inc >= 0 && (text[n] & 0xc0) == 0x80; n += inc)
		;
	return n;
}

static void
paste(void)
{
	char *p, *q;
	int di;
	unsigned long dl;
	Atom da;

	/* we have been given the current selection, now insert it into input */
	XGetWindowProperty(dpy, win, utf8, 0, (sizeof text / 4) + 1, False,
	                   utf8, &da, &di, &dl, &dl, (unsigned char **)&p);
	insert(p, (q = strchr(p, '\n')) ? q - p : (ssize_t)strlen(p));
	XFree(p);
	drawmenu();
}

static void
readstdin(void)
{
	char buf[sizeof text], *p, *maxstr = NULL;
	size_t i, max = 0, size = 0;

	/* read each line from stdin and add it to the item list */
	for (i = 0; fgets(buf, sizeof buf, stdin); i++) {
		if (i + 1 >= size / sizeof *items)
			if (!(items = realloc(items, (size += BUFSIZ))))
				die("cannot realloc %u bytes:", size);
		if ((p = strchr(buf, '\n')))
			*p = '\0';
		if (!(items[i].text = strdup(buf)))
			die("cannot strdup %u bytes:", strlen(buf) + 1);
		items[i].out = false;
		if (strlen(items[i].text) > max)
			max = strlen(maxstr = items[i].text);
	}
	if (items)
		items[i].text = NULL;
	inputw = maxstr ? TEXTW(maxstr) : 0;
	lines = MIN(lines, i);
}

static void
run(void)
{
	XEvent ev;

	while (!XNextEvent(dpy, &ev)) {
		if (XFilterEvent(&ev, win))
			continue;
		switch(ev.type) {
		case Expose:
			if (ev.xexpose.count == 0)
				drw_map(drw, win, 0, 0, mw, mh);
			break;
		case KeyPress:
			keypress(&ev.xkey);
			break;
		case SelectionNotify:
			if (ev.xselection.property == utf8)
				paste();
			break;
		case VisibilityNotify:
			if (ev.xvisibility.state != VisibilityUnobscured)
				XRaiseWindow(dpy, win);
			break;
		}
	}
}

static void
setup(void)
{
	int x, y;
	XSetWindowAttributes swa;
	XIM xim;
#ifdef XINERAMA
	XineramaScreenInfo *info;
	Window w, pw, dw, *dws;
	XWindowAttributes wa;
	int a, j, di, n, i = 0, area = 0;
	unsigned int du;
#endif

	/* init appearance */
	scheme[SchemeNorm].bg = drw_clr_create(drw, normbgcolor);
	scheme[SchemeNorm].fg = drw_clr_create(drw, normfgcolor);
	scheme[SchemeSel].bg = drw_clr_create(drw, selbgcolor);
	scheme[SchemeSel].fg = drw_clr_create(drw, selfgcolor);
	scheme[SchemeOut].bg = drw_clr_create(drw, outbgcolor);
	scheme[SchemeOut].fg = drw_clr_create(drw, outfgcolor);

	clip = XInternAtom(dpy, "CLIPBOARD",   False);
	utf8 = XInternAtom(dpy, "UTF8_STRING", False);

	/* calculate menu geometry */
	bh = drw->fonts[0]->h + 2;
	lines = MAX(lines, 0);
	mh = (lines + 1) * bh;
#ifdef XINERAMA
	if ((info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &n))) {
		XGetInputFocus(dpy, &w, &di);
		if (mon != -1 && mon < n)
			i = mon;
		if (!i && w != root && w != PointerRoot && w != None) {
			/* find top-level window containing current input focus */
			do {
				if (XQueryTree(dpy, (pw = w), &dw, &w, &dws, &du) && dws)
					XFree(dws);
			} while (w != root && w != pw);
			/* find xinerama screen with which the window intersects most */
			if (XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, pw, &wa))
				for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
					if ((a = INTERSECT(wa.x, wa.y, wa.width, wa.height, info[j])) > area) {
						area = a;
						i = j;
					}
		}
		/* no focused window is on screen, so use pointer location instead */
		if (mon == -1 && !area && XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dw, &dw, &x, &y, &di, &di, &du))
			for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
				if (INTERSECT(x, y, 1, 1, info[i]))
					break;

		x = info[i].x_org;
		y = info[i].y_org + (topbar ? 0 : info[i].height - mh);
		mw = info[i].width;
		XFree(info);
	} else
#endif
	{
		x = 0;
		y = topbar ? 0 : sh - mh;
		mw = sw;
	}
	promptw = (prompt && *prompt) ? TEXTW(prompt) : 0;
	inputw = MIN(inputw, mw/3);
	match();

	/* create menu window */
	swa.override_redirect = True;
	swa.background_pixel = scheme[SchemeNorm].bg->pix;
	swa.event_mask = ExposureMask | KeyPressMask | VisibilityChangeMask;
	win = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, x, y, mw, mh, 0,
	                    DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent,
	                    DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
	                    CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixel | CWEventMask, &swa);

	/* open input methods */
	xim = XOpenIM(dpy, NULL, NULL, NULL);
	xic = XCreateIC(xim, XNInputStyle, XIMPreeditNothing | XIMStatusNothing,
	                XNClientWindow, win, XNFocusWindow, win, NULL);

	XMapRaised(dpy, win);
	drw_resize(drw, mw, mh);
	drawmenu();
}

static void
usage(void)
{
	fputs("usage: dmenu [-b] [-f] [-i] [-l lines] [-p prompt] [-fn font] [-m monitor]\n"
	      "             [-nb color] [-nf color] [-sb color] [-sf color] [-v]\n", stderr);
	exit(1);
}

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	bool fast = false;
	int i;

	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
		/* these options take no arguments */
		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-v")) {      /* prints version information */
			puts("dmenu-"VERSION);
			exit(0);
		} else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-b"))   /* appears at the bottom of the screen */
			topbar = false;
		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-f"))   /* grabs keyboard before reading stdin */
			fast = true;
		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-i")) { /* case-insensitive item matching */
			fstrncmp = strncasecmp;
			fstrstr = cistrstr;
		} else if (i + 1 == argc)
			usage();
		/* these options take one argument */
		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-l"))   /* number of lines in vertical list */
			lines = atoi(argv[++i]);
		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-m"))
			mon = atoi(argv[++i]);
		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-p"))   /* adds prompt to left of input field */
			prompt = argv[++i];
		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-fn"))  /* font or font set */
			fonts[0] = argv[++i];
		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-nb"))  /* normal background color */
			normbgcolor = argv[++i];
		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-nf"))  /* normal foreground color */
			normfgcolor = argv[++i];
		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-sb"))  /* selected background color */
			selbgcolor = argv[++i];
		else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-sf"))  /* selected foreground color */
			selfgcolor = argv[++i];
		else
			usage();

	if (!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
		fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
	if (!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
		die("cannot open display\n");
	screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
	root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
	sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
	sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
	drw = drw_create(dpy, screen, root, sw, sh);
	drw_load_fonts(drw, fonts, LENGTH(fonts));
	if (!drw->fontcount)
		die("no fonts could be loaded.\n");
	drw_setscheme(drw, &scheme[SchemeNorm]);

	if (fast) {
		grabkeyboard();
		readstdin();
	} else {
		readstdin();
		grabkeyboard();
	}
	setup();
	run();

	return 1; /* unreachable */
}